IFS Green Budget 2025

The Chancellor's second Budget will be a tricky one. The fiscal outlook has deteriorated, raising the prospect of spending cuts or further tax rises. 

We set out the challenges facing the Chancellor from a changing economic and policy outlook, and explore options to stabilise policy going forwards.

Against a challenging backdrop, the Budget will be a key moment to announce measures needed to maintain and bolster bond market confidence. 

Ahead of the Autumn Budget, the UK economy stands at a pivotal juncture, with growth decelerating, unemployment rising and inflation above target. 

If the Chancellor hopes to raise large sums from tax increases at the Budget, she should consider reforms that would make any increases less damaging.

The government’s reform to contributory benefits rewards jobseekers at expense of those with long-term disabilities, and could save billions annually.

How do trends, demographics and outcomes of children receiving support for health conditions compare across the benefits and education systems?

We examine the past and future of UK defence spending, considering the fiscal and economic consequences of the government’s commitments.

We examine the government’s plans for public sector productivity and consider their fiscal and economic implications.