Appears in
NHS waiting listsMore from IFS
Understand this issue

Why isn’t the NHS improving faster?
Why isn’t the NHS improving faster? We unpack waiting lists, winter pressures, productivity and reform plans - and ask whether real change is coming.
16 January 2026

Simulated list size and performance against the 18-week target under a variety of treatment growth rate assumptions
Although performance improves in each case, in none of our scenarios does performance reach the 92% target by the end of the parliament.
20 March 2025

Can the new government fix the NHS?
We look at the key challenges facing the NHS, and what the new government could do to tackle them.
14 August 2024
Policy analysis

Welsh health and educational systems are underperforming
Welsh health and education services are performing worse than before the pandemic and lag behind England
10 March 2026

Career pathways between occupations in the English NHS
Movement between occupations is becoming increasingly common for NHS support staff, but much more so in wealthier parts of the country.
3 February 2026

The NHS is offering its support staff more career opportunities – but so far, mostly in wealthier areas
Occupational transitions have been much more common in regions with higher wages elsewhere in the local labour market.
3 February 2026
Academic research

Nursing shortages and patient outcomes
This paper examines the effect of nurse shortages on healthcare production.
18 December 2025

The effects of delayed remuneration on doctor labour supply: Evidence from the English NHS
We examine the labour supply response of doctors in England to a reform to public sector pensions.
11 February 2026

Emergency care centers, hospital performance and population health
We evaluate the introduction of freestanding Emergency Care Centers within Brazil’s publicly funded health system, leveraging rich administrative data
28 January 2026