Note: The figure for 2024–25 is a projected spending level based on spending plans announced in the 2021 Spending Review.
Source: Authors’ calculations using Department for Education annual report and accounts 2018–19 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/dfe-consolidated-annual-report-and-accounts-2018-to-2019), Education and Skills Funding Agency annual report and accounts 2021–22 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/education-and-skills-funding-agency-esfa-annual-report-and-accounts-2021-to-2022), 2019–20 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/education-and-skills-funding-agency-esfa-annual-report-and-accounts-2019-to-2020) and 2017–18 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/education-and-skills-funding-agency-annual-report-and-accounts-2017-to-2018), Skills Funding Agency annual reports and accounts 2010–11 to 2016–17 (https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sfa-annual-reports-and-accounts) and Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills departmental report 2009 (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/238617/7596.pdf); Department for Education, ‘Adult education budget: S31 grant determination letters’ 2021 to 2022 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adult-education-budget-devolved-grant-determination-letters-2021), 2020 to 2021 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adult-education-budget-s31-grant-determination-letters-2020-to-2021), 2019 to 2020 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adult-education-budget-s31-grant-determination-letters); HM Treasury GDP deflators, November 2022 (https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/gdp-deflators-at-market-prices-and-money-gdp-november-2022-autumn-statement).
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