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Understand this issue

Share of apprenticeship budget spent on each apprenticeship level
The proportion of funding directed to higher-level apprenticeships (level 4 and above) has trebled between 2017–18 and 2021–22 from 13% to 39%.
16 January 2025

Air pollution in England by MSOA over time, measured by PM2.5 exposure, 2003 to 2023
Average exposure to PM2.5 in England fell by 54% between 2003 and 2023. Almost everywhere in England is now below England’s 2040 target for PM2.5.
6 December 2024

Housing supply elasticities and percentage changes in number of properties and house prices across England, 1996 to 2021
The responsiveness of housing supply to local demand is highest in the East of England and lowest in and around London and in the North-West.
22 November 2024
Policy analysis

The distribution of deficits and surpluses across English colleges
Although there has been some improvement since 2017, 37% of colleges reported operating in deficit in 2022–23.
16 January 2025

Public spending on adult education and skills (actual and projected for 2024–25)
Public funding for adult skills has declined significantly since its peak in the early 2000s.
16 January 2025

Participation in classroom-based further education qualifications by adults (19+) in England
There have been large and sustained reductions to public spending on classroom-based learning over time.
16 January 2025
Academic research

Call for papers: IFS-ADBI-GHE Workshop on Health Economics in LMICs 2025
Submissions are open until 15th February for the IFS-GHE Workshop on Health Economics in LMIC 2025

The determinants of local housing supply in England
We estimate local housing supply elasticities for 325 local authorities and 6,788 census tract areas in England.
4 February 2025

The welfare effects of price shocks and household relief packages: Evidence from the European Energy Crisis
How should governments respond to rapid increases in the cost of living driven by shocks to the prices of staple goods?
31 January 2025