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This paper uses non-parametric regression with smoothness induced by imposition of a roughness penalty to estimate time-dependent relationships between age and intakes of energy, total fat and saturated fatty acids employing data on household food acquisitions from a continuous survey covering the period 1975-94.
1 September 1998
Perceptions of private benefits from hypothecated tax increases may be correlated with income either because individuals with different incomes are more or less interested in public services or because they anticipate bearing different shares of the implied tax burden.
16 August 1998
The question of how inequality is generated and how it reproduces over time has been a major concern for social scientists for more than a century.
16 August 1998
This paper applies modern concepts from the theory of public goods to indicate why progress has been made with respect to some global and regional public goods (for example, cutting sulphur emissions) but not with respect to others (for example, cutting greenhouse gases).
1 August 1998
This paper investigates the scope for housing wealth to alleviate poverty among Britain's older
1 August 1998
Starting in 1998, the electricity market in England and Wales will be opened up to full competition,and all consumers will be allowed to choose their electricity supplier.
1 August 1998
Competition is being extended into residential utility markets world-wide; the European directives on telecoms, electricity and gas will extend choice throughout the European Union by the turn of the century.
1 August 1998
This paper examines the arguments for changing the ways that UK drug prices are regulated.
1 August 1998
Estimation of the dynamic error components model is considered using two alternative linear estimators that are designed to improve the properties of the standard first-differenced GMM estimator.
1 August 1998
The 1980s tax reforms and the changing dispersion of wages offer one the best opportunities yet to estimate labour supply effects.
1 July 1998
The paper estimates the returns to education for a cohort of individuals born in Britain in March 1958 who have been followed since birth until
1 July 1998
The first half of the report sheds some new light on the following questions with a detailed and consistent comparison of income distributions in Western Germany and the UK from 1984 to 1992. To what extent was the income distribution in Western Germany similar to the UK in 1984? Did the inequality of West German incomes rise to the same extent? What was the differing role of the labour market, the tax and benefit system and demographic change in each country? The second half of the report concentrates on whether and how education, training and wage setting systems together with other institutional factors in Western Germany can explain the differences relative to the more deregulated UK labour market.
1 July 1998
This paper considers the factors that influence the locational decisions of multinational firms.
1 June 1998
This paper considers the magnitude of the human capital investment required to offset the increase in the inequality in labour earnings in the US economy since 1979.
1 May 1998
This article assesses the merits of using private finance to deliver public services against three criteria: whether it will lead to additional investment in social infrastructure, whether it represents good value for the taxpayer's money and whether the use of private finance will reduce the public sector's flexibility to pursue its public service objectives.
1 May 1998
1 May 1998
This paper uses data from the two waves of the UK Retirement Survey to present a detailed descriptive analysis of the retirement behaviour of older men.
1 May 1998
This paper examines the asset positions of households at and around retirement in Britain using the Retirement Survey 'waves' of 1988-89 and 1994.
1 May 1998
This paper uses two waves of the UK Retirement Survey to look at how incomes change during retirment.
1 May 1998