Authors

CPP Co-Director
Richard is Co-Director of the Centre for the Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy (CPP) and Senior Research Fellow at IFS.

Research Fellow Yale University
Costas is a Research Fellow of the IFS and a Professor of Economics at Yale University and a Visiting Professor at University College London.

University of Kent

Paul Baker
Suggested citation
Baker, P. et al (1992), 'The working behaviour of young people in rural Cote d'Ivoire: evidence from the LSMS panel'
More from IFS
Understand this issue

Average household consumption spending before and after housing costs, and mean weekly per-capita income, in different local authorities, 2018–2019
Londoners may have the highest average incomes, but their household spending once you account for housing costs is lower than other regions.
11 April 2025

Rank of local authorities by average household income compared to rank by average consumption after housing costs
On average, London local authorities rank at the top of the income distribution, but are bottom of the net-of-housing consumption distribution.
11 April 2025

Two-child limit mitigation in Scotland would help larger poor families but policy design could harm work incentives
Mitigating the two-child limit policy would be an effective way to reduce child poverty, but designing an effective policy is not straightforward.
14 March 2025
Policy analysis

Which places have the highest standard of living?
Measuring living standards using average household spending gives a starkly different picture of regional inequalities than using average income.
11 April 2025

How did tax credits transform the UK welfare system?
Over 20 years since they were introduced, tax credits have now been replaced by universal credit. How did they change the UK welfare system?
4 April 2025

Enlisting consumers in tax enforcement: a policy review
This paper examines the rise of consumer incentives in tax enforcement and the conditions under which they can enhance compliance and raise revenue.
31 March 2025
Academic research

Measuring cost of living inequality during an inflation surge
We provide new evidence that inflation inequality surged during the 2021–2023 cost-of living crisis.
9 May 2025

Small area consumption estimates for local authorities in Great Britain
In this paper, we estimate average equivalised consumption measures across local authority districts in Great Britain.
11 April 2025

Fiscal consolidation and voting: on the electoral costs of budgetary stability
In this paper, we analyse the potential impact of policies aimed at fostering fiscal sustainability on citizens’ preferences.
6 May 2025