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Journal issue details
- Publisher
- Institute for Fiscal Studies
- Issue
- Volume 45, Issue 2, June 2024
More from IFS
Understand this issue

Two-child limit mitigation in Scotland would help larger poor families but policy design could harm work incentives
Mitigating the two-child limit policy would be an effective way to reduce child poverty, but designing an effective policy is not straightforward.
14 March 2025

Family values: inheritance, inequality and social mobility
Wealth concentration among baby boomers and stagnant earnings are driving the rise of the ‘Bank of Mum and Dad’, affecting social mobility.
3 March 2025

Air pollution in England by MSOA over time, measured by PM2.5 exposure, 2003 to 2023
Average exposure to PM2.5 in England fell by 54% between 2003 and 2023. Almost everywhere in England is now below England’s 2040 target for PM2.5.
6 December 2024
Policy analysis

How should governments help households during an energy crisis?
The government spent billions on support to help households with their energy bills in 2022–23. Could a better-designed package have saved money?
31 January 2025

Share of 25- to 34-year-olds living with parents up by over a third since the mid 2000s
The rise in people living with their parents has been concentrated among those in their late 20s and varies substantially by ethnicity.
11 January 2025

Exposure to air pollution in England, 2003–23
We set out how air pollution (PM2.5) has changed across England and explore inequalities by ethnicity, income deprivation, region and age.
6 December 2024
Academic research

The menopause "penalty"
We show that a menopause diagnosis leads to lasting drops in earnings and employment, alongside greater reliance on social transfers.
21 March 2025

Latin American and Caribbean Inequality Review (LACIR) supplement launches in Oxford Open Economics
The supplement contains a set of 27 papers and an editorial summary on five key themes of inequality, from 74 authors from wide range of disciplines.
3 March 2025

Imagine your life at 25: gender conformity and later-life outcomes
We analyse thousands of essays written by 11-year-old girls in 1969 to assess conformity with gender norms and its implications for future outcomes.
22 February 2025