More from IFS
Understand this issue
Air pollution in England by MSOA over time, measured by PM2.5 exposure, 2003 to 2023
Average exposure to PM2.5 in England fell by 54% between 2003 and 2023. Almost everywhere in England is now below England’s 2040 target for PM2.5.
6 December 2024
Professor Sir Richard Blundell to give the Marshall Paley Lecture on inequalities
27 September 2024
Can the new government fix the NHS?
14 August 2024
Policy analysis
Average PM2.5 exposure over time by ethnicity
Ethnic minorities were exposed to levels of air pollution 13% higher than white populations in 2003; this ‘ethnic pollution gap’ shrank to 6% by 2023.
6 December 2024
Correlation between ethnic minority population and air pollution levels, 2003–04 and 2023
There is a clear positive correlation between the ethnic minority share and air pollution concentration.
6 December 2024
PM2.5 exposure by income deprivation quintile
The most deprived quintile consistently has higher PM2.5 air pollution levels than the least deprived, and this gap has widened since 2017.
6 December 2024
Academic research
Call for papers: IFS-GHE Workshop on Health Economics in LMICs 2025
Submissions are open until 15th February for the IFS-GHE Workshop on Health Economics in LMIC 2025
Firm quality and health maintenance
We estimate the impact of firm quality – primarily measured by firm productivity – on the health maintenance of employees.
18 December 2024
Public insurance and marital outcomes: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansions
We find that an increased likelihood of Medicaid eligibility reduces marriage rates, particularly among people with higher education levels.
8 November 2024